SCTR 26 Dig Sites: Wadi Natrun (Murphy, SCU)

Dig Sites

Desert Warfare: Hermits and Their Foes
Wadi Natrun, Egypt

Most of the articles listed below are in the Dig Sites folder on Camino : Files; many of the books are on hard copy reserve at the Circulation Desk in the Learning Commons.

Archaeological & Epigraphic Evidence
: Clackson, S. "Coptic Documents Relating to the Monasteries of Apa Apollo at Bawit and Titkooh in the Hermopolite Nome." Ph.D thesis, Institute of Archaeology, University College London, 1996.; Cromwell, Jennifer. Recipient of a Marie Skłodowska-Curie European Fellowship to examine “Monasteries as Institutional Powers in Late Antique and Early Islamic Egypt” (MONASPOWER). University of Copenhagen, 2016–2018. Grant description online, https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/195207_en.html.; CORDIS. "New Insights into the Role of Coptic Monasteries in Egypt." Phys.Org (25 September 2018). Online, https://phys.org/news/2018-09-insights-role-coptic-monasteries-economy.html, accessed [your access date].; Crum, W. E. and H. G. Evelyn White. The Monastery of Epiphanius at Thebes, vol. 2, Coptic Ostraca and Papyri and Greek Ostraca and Papyri,Publications of the Metropolitan Museum of Art Egyptian Expedition 4. New York: Arno Press, 1973; original, 1926.; Dembinska, M. "Diet: A Comparison of Food Consumption between Some Eastern and Western Monasteries in the 4th-12th Centuries." Byzantion 35 (1985) 431-62. Harlow, Mary and Wendy Smith. "Between Fasting and Feasting: The Literary and Archaeobotanical Evidence for Monastic Diet in Late Antique Egypt." Antiquity 75:290 (2001) 758-68.; Hedstrom, Darlene L. Brooks. "Models of Seeing and Reading Monastic Archaeology." Cistercian Studies Quarterly 48:3 (2013) 299-315.; Samuil, Bishop and Peter Grossmann. "Researches in the Laura of John Kolobos (Wâdî al-Natrûn)." In Ägypten und Nubien in spätantiker und christlicher Zeit: Akten des 6. Internationalen Koptologenkongresses, Münster, 20.–26. Juli 1996, vol. 1, Materielle Kultur, Kunst und religiöses Leben (ed. Stephen Emmel, Martin Krause, Siegfried G. Richter and Sofia Schaten; Sprachen und Kulturen des christlichen Orients 6; Wiesbaden: Reichert, 1999) 360–64.; Walters, C. C. Monastic Archaeology in Egypt, Modern Egyptology Series. Warminster: Aris & Phillips, 1974. [Professor has a copy]; White, Hugh G. Evelyn. The Monasteries of the Wâdi 'n Natrûn, part 3, The Architecture and Archaeology, ed. Walter Hauser; Publications of the Metropolitan Museum of Art Egyptian Expedition. New York: Metropolitan Museum, 1933. [Professor has a copy]; --------. The Monasteries of the Wâdi 'n Natrûn, part 2, The History of the Monasteries of Nitria and of Scetis, ed. Walter Hauser; Publications of the Metropolitan Museum of Art Egyptian Expedition. New York: Metropolitan Museum, 1932. [Professor has a copy]; Winlock, H. E. and W. E. Crum. The Monastery of Epiphanius at Thebes, vol. 1, The Archaeological Material and The Literary Material. Publications of the Metropolitan Museum of Art Egyptian Expedition 3. New York: Arno Press, 1973; original, 1926.


Literary Evidence
: Primary Texts; Athanasius. Excerpt from the "Life of Antony 1-7, 14, 44-47, 88," trans. H. Ellershaw. In Athanasius: Select Works and Letters (ed. Archibald Robertson; NPNF 2nd series 4; Peabody, Massachusetts: Hendrickson, 1994; original, Christian Literature Publishing Company, 1892) 195-7, 200, 208-209, 219.; Jerome. "Life of Hilarion," trans. W. H. Fremantle, with G. Lewis and W. G. Martley. In The Principal Works of St. Jerome (ed. Philip Schaff and Henry Wace; NPNF 2nd series 6; Peabody, Massachusetts: Hendrickson, 1994; original 1893) 303-315.; --------. "The Life of Malchus, the Captive Monk," trans. W.H. Fremantle. In Jerome: Letters and Select Works (ed. Philip Schaff and Henry Wace; NPNF 2nd series 6; Peabody, Massachusetts: Hendrickson, 1994; original, Christian Literature Publishing Company, 1893) 315-18.; --------. "Life of Paul, the First Hermit," trans. Paul B. Harvey, Jr. In Ascetic Behavior in Greco-Roman Antiquity: A Sourcebook (ed. Vincent L. Wimbush; Studies in Antiquity and Christianity; Minneapolis: Fortress, 1990) 357-69.; Palladius. Palladius: The Lausiac History, trans. Robert T. Meyer. Westminster, Maryland: Newman, 1965.; Sulpitius Severus. "On the Life of St. Martin," trans. Alexander Roberts. In Sulpitius Severus, Vincent of Lerins, John Cassian (NPNF 2.11; Peabody, Massachusetts: Hendrickson, 1994; original, Christian Literature Publishing Company, 1894) 3-17.; Ward, Benedicta. The Desert Christian: Sayings of the Desert Fathers, Alphabetic Collection. New York: Macmillan, 1975.; --------. The Sayings of the Desert Fathers: The Alphabetical Collection, Cistercian Studies 59. Mexico City: Buena Prensa, 2006.; Secondary Literature; Barnes, Timothy David. "Angel of Light or Mystic Initiate: The Problem of the Life of Antony." Journal of Theological Studies n.s. 37:2 (1986) 353-68.; Brakke, D. Athansius and the Politics of Asceticism. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1995.; Brennan, Brian. "Athanasius' Vita Antonii: A Sociological Interpretation." Vigiliae christianae 39 (1985) 209-227.; Burrus, Virginia. "Fancying Hermits: Sublimation and the Arts of Romance." In The Sex Lives of Saints: An Erotics of Ancient Hagiography (Divinations: Rereading Late Ancient Religion; Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004) 19-52, 170-78.; --------. "Fathering the Word: Athanasius of Alexandria." In "Begotten, Not Made": Conceiving Manhood in Late Antiquity (Figurae: Reading Medieval Culture 39; Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 2000) 36-79, 202-208.; Burton-Christie, Douglas. The Word in the Desert: Scripture and the Quest for Holiness in Early Christian Monasticism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.; Craun, Christopher C. "Matronly Monks: Theodoret of Cyrrhus' Sexual Imagery in the Historia religiosa." In Holiness and Masculinity in the Middle Ages (ed. P. H. Cullum and Katherine J. Lewis; Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2004) 43-57.; Earle, Mary C. The Desert Mothers: Spiritual Practices from Women in the Wilderness. New York: Morehouse, 2007.; Frankfurter, David. Christianizing Egypt. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2017.; Harmless, William. Desert Christians: An Introduction to the Literature of Early Monasticism. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.; Krawiec, Rebecca Sandra. Shenoute and the Women of the White Monastery: Egyptian Monasticism in Late Antiquity. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. [The Professor has the earlier dissertation version of this book, "Women’s Life in Shenute's White Monastery: A Study in Late Antique Egyptian Monasticism." Ph.D. Dissertation, Yale University, 1996.]; Kuefler, Mathew. "'Eunuchs for the Sake of the Kingdom of Heaven.'" In The Manly Eunuch: Masculinity, Gender Ambiguity, and Christian Ideology in Late Antiquity (The Chicago Series on Sexuality, History and Society; Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001) 245-82.; --------. "'The Manliness of Faith': Sexual Difference and Gender Ambiguity in Latin Christian Ideology." In The Manly Eunuch: Masculinity, Gender Ambiguity, and Christian Ideology in Late Antiquity (The Chicago Series on Sexuality, History and Society; Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001) 206-244.; Leloir, Louis, O.S.b. "Woman and the Desert Fathers." Vox Benedicta 3 (1986) 207-227. Online, MonasticMatrix.org, http://monasticmatrix.org/commentaria/
woman-and-desert-fathers.; Louth, Andrew. "St. Athanasius and the Greek Life of Antony." Journal of Theological Studies n.s. 39:2 (1988) 504-509.; Miller, Patricia Cox. "Jerome's Centaur: A Hyper-Icon of the Desert." Journal of Early Christian Studies 4:2 (1996) 209-233.; Pettersen, Alvyn. "Athanasius' Presentation of Antony of the Desert's Admiration for His Body." Studia patristica 21 (Louvain: Peeters, 1989) 438-47.; Robins, William. "Romance and Renunciation at the Turn of the Fifth Century." Journal of Early Christian Studies 8:4 (2000) 531-57.; Schroeder, Caroline T. Monastic Bodies: Discipline and Salvation in Shenoute of Atripe, Diviniations: Rereading Late Ancient Religion. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007.; --------. "Queer Eye for the Ascetic Guy?: Homoeroticism, Children, and the Making of Monks in Late Antique Egypt." Journal of the American Academy of Religion 77:2 (2009) 333-47.; --------. "Prophecy and Porneia in Shenoute's Letters: The Rhetoric of Sexuality in a Late Antique Egyptian Monastery." &nbs;Journal of Near Eastern Studies 65:2 (2006) 81-97.; --------. "Women in Anchoritic and Semi-Anchoritic Monasticism in Egypt: Rethinking the Landscape." Church History 83:1 (2014) 1-17.; Swan, Laura. The Forgotten Desert Mothers: Sayings, Lives, and Stories of Early Christian Women. New York: Paulist, 2001.; Vivian, Tim. Journeying into God: Seven Early Monastic Lives. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1996.; Ward, Benedicta. Harlots of the Desert: A Study of Repentance in Early Monastic Sources. Kalamazoo, Michigan: Cistercian Publications, 1987.; Weingarten, Susan. "Jerome and The Golden Ass." Studia patristica 33 (Louvain: Peeters, 1997) 383-89.; Williams, Michael A. "The Life of Antony and the Domestication of Charismatic Wisdom." Journal of the American Academy of Religion Thematic Studies 48 (1982) 23-45.

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