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African American Migration Timeline

This information focuses on African Americans' migration to California as opposed to their migration to the United States.

      1850-1860 – In this time, four thousand African Americans reached California in search of gold and other opportunities. Many settled in the San Francisco and Sacramento areas.

      1885 – Many African-Americans began moving into urban areas like San Francisco and Los Angeles.

      1890-1910 – A number of African Americans began moving from San Francisco, where there was an established black community, to Oakland, which was San Francisco’s first suburb.

      1910 – By this time Los Angeles had the largest urban African American population in the west.

      1912 – Allensworth, California (halfway between Los Angeles and Santa Fe) had become home to more than three hundred African American families. It was one of four black towns in California. It was a success for several years.

      1940s – The population in the black population in the west grew by 443,000 people. This was due to World War Two and the new jobs that the war produced. Also, many African Americans were stationed on military bases in the west and sent for their families. Between 1942 and 1945 500,000 African Americans migrated west to California.

      1947 – By this time thousands of African American workers were unemployed in Los Angeles, Oakland, and Portland because of the returning white veterans who needed jobs. Many of these people were forced to leave these cities that had once offered them secure jobs. San Francisco was one city in which African Americans did see progress. Many were able to find decent work there during that time.